Exploited Roofs and Terraces

Slope forming layer 

For normal water drainage, the roof should be arranged with a slope of 2.5...5%. The slope should ensure water flow in a given direction. The slope-forming layer can be made of expanded clay, slag, polytherm concrete, foam concrete or other materials, followed by the application of a leveling screed, with mesh reinforcement.

Drainage on a flat exploited roof

Drainage can be organized by both internal and external pipes. Drainage systems are installed before laying layers of waterproofing and insulation.

Internal drainage for flat roofs

Water intake is carried out by evenly spaced gutters built into the roof system. Water is discharged through risers located inside the building. It is imperative to observe the rules for the placement of the funnels. They are installed at the lowest points of each roof section, with a mandatory slope towards the receiver. Each individual riser under the catchment should be located so as to drain precipitation from an area of 150-200m². All joints must be sealed.

External drainage for flat exploited roofs

To ensure a trouble-free drainage process, it is necessary to place the watering can at the lowest point of the roof, keeping in mind the slope, the minimum of which should be within 3%.

Thermal insulation layer of exploited roofs

Thermal insulation materials are prone to getting wet and absorbing water. When the insulation gets wet, its thermal performance deteriorates. In a traditional arrangement, the waterproofing protects the thermal insulation materials from getting wet, but is exposed to temperature changes (winter-summer, day-night), the material ages and the service life of the entire roof is reduced. When the thermal insulation layer is installed above the waterproofing layer (inversion roof), the effect of temperature on the waterproofing is reduced, and the service life of the roof is not reduced. In inversion roofs, the insulation is in direct contact with water. Such roofs should use insulation with low water absorption - less than 0.5% by volume. Such materials do not absorb water and retain their thermal engineering functions throughout the entire service life of the roof.

These are materials with a closed cellular structure, such as extruded polystyrene foam (EPS). Due to its closed-cell crystal structure, XPS absorbs very little water (1-3% of the volume, depending on the thickness). The type of thermal insulation material and the thickness of the layer should be determined by your designer, having carried out a thermal engineering calculation (DBN B 2.6-31-2006 Thermal insulation of buildings). The density and rigidity of thermal insulation play a key role in the construction of the roof in operation. The insulation must not deform under loads.

On inversion roofs, it is necessary to use weighting for thermal insulation. For this purpose, gravel backfill is well suited, which can be used to lay paths of lightweight paving slabs.

Waterproofing coating

• Rolled bitumen-polymer materials (roofing felt, roofing felt, roofing felt, etc.).
• Polymeric membranes (PVC, EPDM, FPO\TPO) are a durable, practical material. They can be installed mechanically, with glue or ballast (with pebbles, tiles and other materials as a load).
• Coating insulation - bitumen-rubber, polymer-bitumen mastics and emulsions applied with a roller, brush, or spatula.
• Liquid roof waterproofing is a polyurethane waterproof mastic that is applied in a continuous layer using a specialized sprayer or roller.

The requirements for these materials are prescribed in the current DBN B.2.6-220:2017 Coating of buildings and structures.

Finishing coating

The final exploited coating can be tiles or decking on the support frame so that the roof surface is perfectly flat. In other cases, the flooring will follow the surface defined by the slope-forming layer. Ceramic or porcelain stoneware tiles with glue or polyurethane color coatings.

To get acquainted with our prices for roofing works, to receive a commercial offer, send a request to our e-mail office@euroroofing.ua or use the feedback form.